X.509 Certificates and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

An X.509 certificate is a standard digital certificate used within a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) to establish trusted identities through cryptographic key pairs. In SAP BTP, developers use X.509 certificates to enable Mutual Transport Layer Security (mTLS) authentication, where both the client and server present certificates to verify each other's identity. This mechanism allows applications to retrieve access tokens without relying on client secrets, providing a more secure alternative for service-to-service communication on SAP BTP.